Activated sludge treatment can define as a conventional method, which can separate the solid wastes, suspended organic matter, soluble matter and parasites. It is a biological system that makes the use of living bacterial flocs to degrade the organic matter of the sewage and industrial waste in aerated bioreactors. Activated sludge treatment involves a series …
Difference between absorbent and adsorbent is mainly due to the following factors like their mechanism and the phenomena they follow: Mechanism: The mechanism of absorbent and absorbent is to retain the particles or molecules, in which a former absorbs the particles into the matrix, and the latter adsorbs the particles over the solid matrix. Phenomena: …
Prokaryotic ribosomes are dense structures, which solely contain RNA and proteins. The ribosomes in the prokaryotic cell are thoroughly distributed in the cell cytosol. There are two subunits of prokaryotic ribosomes (50-S and 30-S type). 50-S and 30-S are the large and small subunits of bacteria that colloquially constitute the 70-S type of ribosome. Here, …
Inclusions in prokaryotes include certain types of food reserve granules and some monolayered non-unit membrane-enclosed cytoplasmic inclusions. Cell inclusion bodies can define as the pigmented molecules, which resides within the cell. It does not function like membrane-bound organelles but performs a pivotal role to store reserve materials. Inclusion bodies occupy within the cytosol enveloped by …
Nuclear pore complex encases the nuclear pore, which facilitates translocation of macromolecules within the cell. A nuclear envelop possesses two concentric outer and inner layer that are fused with the NPCs. Both the phospholipid nuclear membranes are isolated by the perinuclear space in between. The nuclear membrane works as a selective barrier and also protects …
The difference between induction and repression of operon is mainly due to the following factors: Regulation: The operon system in prokaryotes regulate the expression of enzymes necessary to turn on or off the metabolic pathway. The regulatory gene of inducible operon forms an active repressor protein, whose binding affinity towards the operator region is mediated …
Tryptophan operon is found within the genome of E.coli that carries a set of genes for the construction of an essential amino acid tryptophan. Sometimes, it also termed as trp operon. Unlike lac or lactose operon, trp operon is a kind of repressible system that we will discuss in this article. A scientist named Charles …
Nutrient agar is a standard media that is used for growing and isolating of a broad class of microorganisms. It is the most popular media that are generally available in all laboratories for enumeration of different bacteria and their maintenance. The enumeration of different bacteria from different samples like soil, water, sewage, food etc. can …
The fluorescence microscopy makes the use of fluorescence mechanism to generate an image and optical sectioning for the high resolution. It is available in different designs. The most common and simple set-up in use is epifluorescence microscopes, while confocal microscope has a sophisticated set-up. Epifluorescence microscope is commonly used in different laboratories that allows excitation …
Autoclave sterilization is a moist heat sterilizing technique that is commonly used in laboratories, industries, and hospitals to purify the sample, equipment, glassware, etc. It uses high-pressure steam to destroy the bacterial cells, also called steam sterilization. It is one of the types of steam sterilizers that removes contaminants from the goods like the way …