Protoplasm is a term used to indicate the living matter of the cell which includes the cytoplasm and the nucleus. It is a colourless colloidal suspension of lipids and proteins in water. It was put forward in the year 1835 and was primarily considered as the ground substance of the cell. But these days, two …
The difference between plasmolysis and deplasmolysis is mainly due to factors like: Water movement: In plasmolysis, the movement of water is from the cell protoplast to the surrounding and deplasmolysis cause movement of water into the cell protoplast. Water potential: Plasmolysis occurs due to the low water potential of the surrounding than the cell cytoplasm, …
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Food preservation techniques have led to an increase in the longevity or shelf life of food items by introducing different ways of preserving methods. Its study is not only important in the field of food science, but also in daily lives, to set up food businesses etc. The methods of food preservation include some inexpensive …
Trickling filter process is one of the types of aerobic wastewater treatment. It is a fixed-bed bioreactor that is the part of secondary wastewater treatment, which eliminates the coarse particles, suspended organic and inorganic waste, small colloids etc. out of the primary effluent. A trickling filter is also called biological filter, as it makes the …
Activated sludge treatment can define as a conventional method, which can separate the solid wastes, suspended organic matter, soluble matter and parasites. It is a biological system that makes the use of living bacterial flocs to degrade the organic matter of the sewage and industrial waste in aerated bioreactors. Activated sludge treatment involves a series …
Ozone formation takes place differently in the stratosphere region and the troposphere region of the earth’s atmosphere. The heat or sunlight causes chemical changes or dissociates molecules of oxygen into individual atoms, which can further react with the atmospheric oxygen to form stratospheric ozone. In contrast, the heat or sunlight causes chemical reactions in the …
Difference between absorbent and adsorbent is mainly due to the following factors like their mechanism and the phenomena they follow: Mechanism: The mechanism of absorbent and absorbent is to retain the particles or molecules, in which a former absorbs the particles into the matrix, and the latter adsorbs the particles over the solid matrix. Phenomena: …
Prokaryotic ribosomes are dense structures, which solely contain RNA and proteins. The ribosomes in the prokaryotic cell are thoroughly distributed in the cell cytosol. There are two subunits of prokaryotic ribosomes (50-S and 30-S type). 50-S and 30-S are the large and small subunits of bacteria that colloquially constitute the 70-S type of ribosome. Here, …
Inclusions in prokaryotes include certain types of food reserve granules and some monolayered non-unit membrane-enclosed cytoplasmic inclusions. Cell inclusion bodies can define as the pigmented molecules, which resides within the cell. It does not function like membrane-bound organelles but performs a pivotal role to store reserve materials. Inclusion bodies occupy within the cytosol enveloped by …
ATP synthase is a transmembrane enzyme complex, which catalyses the generation of ATP through the condensation of ADP plus Pi. Its primary role is to produce high energy ATP molecule. ATP synthase brings out the formation of ATP at the time of light-reaction photosynthesis. Its working depends upon the proton gradient created in the thylakoid …