The difference between plant and animal cytokinesis is mainly due to the following factors like: Mode of cytokinesis Cell abscission Both the plant and the animal cell divides their cytoplasmic contents equally between the two identical daughter cells but through different mechanisms. In a plant cell, the cytoplasmic division occurs via the fusion of phragmoplast …
Integuments in plants are the maternal tissues or having a maternal origin, as they originate from the ovular tissue or chalazal tissue (a part of the female reproductive system of a flower). A term integument merely refers to the protective layer. In terms of botany, an integument is a layer encircling the ovule. After the …
Protoplasm is a term used to indicate the living matter of the cell which includes the cytoplasm and the nucleus. It is a colourless colloidal suspension of lipids and proteins in water. It was put forward in the year 1835 and was primarily considered as the ground substance of the cell. But these days, two …
ATP synthase is a transmembrane enzyme complex, which catalyses the generation of ATP through the condensation of ADP plus Pi. Its primary role is to produce high energy ATP molecule. ATP synthase brings out the formation of ATP at the time of light-reaction photosynthesis. Its working depends upon the proton gradient created in the thylakoid …
Aestivation in plants can be defined as the arrangement of the petals and sepals, collectively called as perianth inside a floral bud before blooming. It is an important tool in the study of plant taxonomy, in which flowers of the different family show distinct aestivation. For instance, the sepals and petals of the Hibiscus flower …
The floral diagram is a diagrammatical description of the properties like arrangement, position, structure, aestivation, connotation and adnation of the floral components. It was first introduced in the 19th century by the scientist named August Wilhelm Eichler. A floral diagram illustrates the different floral components by the characteristic symbols. It has a circular outline. There …
The life cycle of Achyla species involves asexual or sexual modes of reproduction. The genus Achyla includes approximately 47 species and belongs to the group of oomycetes or water mould. Few species of Achyla are phytopathogens like Achlya conspicua and Achlya klebsiana. Most of the Achyla species are aquatic, while a few grow on damp …
Late blight in the potato is a plant disease caused by the pathogenic fungus Phytophthora infestans. It is a potentially devastating disease that primarily affects potato crops but can also be seen in the members of the Solanaceae family, including tomatoes, petunias and hairy nightshades. Phytophthora infestans is a plant pathogen, which can severely affect the …
A pericarp is a fraction of the fruit that constitutes the outer layer in the fruit anatomy, which encloses the seed. It develops from the flower’s ovary and surrounds the seed that develops from an ovule after the flower’s fertilization. Pericarp can be squishy or sapless. The pericarp constitutes the edible tissue of fruit. Exocarp, …
Holy Basil has been used to boost the immune system or cure many bacterial, fungal, and viral infections of ancient times. It is commonly known by the name of tulsi, and its biological name is Ocimum tenuiflorum. In today’s pollutant environment, people get easily prone to many infections and diseases, where tulsi has proven to …