Thymus dependent antigens are also called “T cell-dependent antigens” or “TD-Ags”. These are immunogens that induce antibody’s formation. It is one of the types of B-cell antigen. Naturally occurring antigens are T-cell dependent. Thymus dependent antigens are complex in nature. They are multideterminant antigens due to different epitopes on a cell surface. T-cell recognizes some …
The difference between agarose and polyacrylamide gel relies upon factors like origin and molecular complexity. Both gels help in biomolecular separation, due to their porous nature. We can separate, identify and purify different biomolecules using agarose and polyacrylamide gels. 1. Origin: Agarose is a natural polymer extracted from several red seaweeds. So, it is a …
Difference Between Agarose and Polyacrylamide Gel Read More »
Chlorination is a disinfection method used in the wastewater treatment plant. It helps in the destruction of microorganisms from the running wastewater. Microorganisms can be pathogenic or non-pathogenic. Wastewater contains pathogenic enteric microorganisms that impose severe health problems. Typhoid, cholera, dysentery etc., are common waterborne illnesses. And wastewater treatment aims to reduce the possibility of …
Preliminary treatment of wastewater refers to the pretreatment of raw sewage. Its main task is to eliminate the coarse and large suspended substances from the raw sewage. The suspended materials include floating solids, rags, grits, oil and grease. The collected raw sewage from the sewerage is pumped to the preliminary setup. And after pretreatment, primary, …
Microprojectile bombardment is also called particle acceleration or gene gun delivery. It is one of the efficient physical methods of gene transfer in plants. Besides plants, it can also transfer genes to mammalian cells and microorganisms. It is a direct method of transferring the gene of interest to target cells. By employing this method, we …
The difference between primary and secondary metabolites produced by the bacteria lies in their origin and function. Besides bacteria, different plants and fungi produce a wide range of metabolites. This post discusses the differences between the bacteria’s primary and secondary metabolites. Also, we will study the comparison chart, definition and examples between the two. Metabolites …
Difference Between Primary and Secondary Metabolites Read More »
The bacteriological incubator prominently cultivates a wide range of bacteria under controlled conditions. It has extensive use in research and medical laboratories. Bacteriological incubators provide an enclosed environment for the growth of bacteria. They work under the ideal temperature range of 35°C to 37°C. This post describes the bacteriological incubator’s meaning, principle, operation, and uses. …
The anatomy of the rib cage in the human body contains twelve pairs of ribs, twelve thoracic vertebrae with one sternum and ten costal cartilages. It is a semi-solid bony and cartilaginous structure. The rib cage is also called the thoracic cage. It makes up the thorax or chest segment of our body, which exists …
Batch fermentation involves the fermentation of the substrate into products by microbial cells. This process occurs within a closed system. Unlike continuous culture, it requires the supply of limited nutrients into the fermentor. Fermentation utilizes a living microbial cell suspension. It produces various valuable products through fermentation of the raw material or substrate. In fermentation, …
The difference between axon and dendrite lies in their shape and branching. As well as, they differ in their length and function. Axons and dendrites are the cytoplasmic projections of the nerve cell body. Both play an essential role in the conduction of nerve impulses. Shape: Axons maintain a constant radius. Whereas, dendrites are thicker near …