The difference between root and stem is due to the following properties: Origination: Roots originate from the radicle through the germination of seed, whereas shoots originate from the plumule of the developing embryo. Arrangement of vascular bundles: In roots, the vascular bundles reside within the central core, while shoots have dispersed vascular bundles. Presence of …
Chloroplast in a plant cell exists as a membrane-bound cell organelle and contain chlorophyll pigments that are absent in the animal cells. The study of chloroplast was first carried by a scientist named Hugo Von Mohl in the year 1837. After his study, it was found that the chloroplasts were the type of plastids and …
The difference between chlorophyll and chloroplast is due to the following factors like location and involvement in photosynthesis. Existence: Chlorophylls exist as the primary photosynthetic pigments inside the chloroplast. Conversely, chloroplasts exist as the photosynthetic cell organelles in a plant cell and possess a membranous structure that resembles mitochondria. Involvement in photosynthesis: Chlorophyll mainly absorbs …
The root system remains subterranean or underground the soil in the case of vascular plants. Therefore, it provides strength and rigidity to the growing shoot system against adverse conditions. Some of the trees (like a banyan tree, bonsai tree etc.) have their root system over the ground that refers to aerial roots. Unlike stems, roots …
Stomata in plants appear as minute pores, primarily in the epidermis layer of the leaf surface and rarely in some of the herbaceous stems. It was originated from the Greek word stoma (means mouth) to relate it with the term “stomatal pore”. A stoma is a singular form, whereas a high number of stoma is termed …
Transpiration in plants is a process of water loss (in the form of water vapours) into the atmosphere from the leaf surface and stems. Plants undergo transpiration primarily to access carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis and to cool themselves. As the plants are immobile, they manage their water needs by the two fundamental processes like …
Respiration in plants refers to a process in which a plant utilizes atmospheric oxygen to oxidize glucose and other respiratory substrates like fats or proteins. Respiratory substrates are high energy biomolecules that produce energy, carbon dioxide, and water due to the C-C bond breaks. Plants undergo cellular respiration in the presence or absence of light. …
Germination of a plant refers to a phenomenon in which a seed germinates to form a new seeding or plant. The germination process results in the emergence of the radicle (primary root) and plumule (primary shoot). Before germination, the seed remains dormant in the soil. Then, under favourable conditions (optimum temperature, oxygen, light, water etc.), a …
The anther is a part of the flower’s male reproductive system or stamen. It carries the reproductive structures or the male gametes (pollen grains), which germinate and cause the fertilization of an ovule. A male reproductive part of a flower typically consists of two elements (filament and anther). A filament appears as a long, slender …
Fertilization in flower is a type of sexual reproduction, where the flower’s male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote or fruit. In a flowering plant, pollen grains released from an anther containing two sperm cells or male gametes of the flowering plant. The flower’s ovary consists of a megasporangium or ovule, which includes …