The life cycle of Achyla species involves asexual or sexual modes of reproduction. The genus Achyla includes approximately 47 species and belongs to the group of oomycetes or water mould. Few species of Achyla are phytopathogens like Achlya conspicua and Achlya klebsiana. Most of the Achyla species are aquatic, while a few grow on damp …
Tryptophan operon is found within the genome of E.coli, which carries a set of genes constructing an essential amino acid, tryptophan. Sometimes, it is also termed as trp operon. Unlike lactose or lac operon, trp operon is a repressible system discussed in this article. A scientist named Charles Yanofsky and his co-workers explicitly studied the …
Nutrient agar is a standard media used for growing and isolating a broad class of microorganisms. It is the most popular media generally available in all laboratories to enumerate different bacteria. The enumeration of different bacteria from different samples like soil, water, sewage, food etc., can be carried out by using such media by employing …
Late blight in the potato is a plant disease caused by the pathogenic fungus Phytophthora infestans. It is a potentially devastating disease that primarily affects potato crops but can also be seen in the members of the Solanaceae family, including tomatoes, petunias and hairy nightshades. Phytophthora infestans is a plant pathogen, which can severely affect the …
The difference between cofactor and coenzyme is mainly characterized based on chemical nature and function. Cofactors constitute a large group of helper molecules (inorganic or organic). Conversely, cofactors are small organic molecules. Coenzymes significantly act as carrier materials to convert the inactive protein (the apoenzyme) into the active form (holoenzyme). In contrast, cofactors serve as …
Fluorescence microscopy uses a fluorescence mechanism to generate an image and optical sectioning for high resolution. It is available in different designs. The epifluorescence microscopes have the most common and simple setup, while confocal microscopes have a sophisticated setup. Epifluorescence microscope has prominent applicability in different laboratories, which allow excitation of reactive dyes and detection …
Autoclave or steam sterilization is a moist heat sterilizing technique that has prominent applicability in laboratories, industries, and hospitals to purify different samples, equipment and glassware. It uses high-pressure steam to destroy bacterial cells and fungal spores. It is one of the types of steam sterilizers that removes contaminants from the goods as a regular …
A pericarp is a fraction of the fruit that constitutes the outer layer in the fruit anatomy, which encloses the seed. It develops from the flower’s ovary and surrounds the seed that develops from an ovule after the flower’s fertilization. Pericarp can be squishy or sapless. The pericarp constitutes the edible tissue of fruit. Exocarp, …
PCR amplification or Molecular photocopying is a popular method used to amplify the short DNA fragments. PCR is an acronym used for Polymerase chain reaction. It provides a modern, inexpensive, and rapid method of amplifying specific DNA sequences, while the traditional method was quite time-consuming (requires several days or a week). Polymerase chain reaction can yield million …
Sense of smell is one of the senses processed by our nervous system to let us know more about our surroundings and the things we consume to keep the body healthy and safe. The sense of smell is a set of information coming through the nose. The sensory organ comprises specialized cells and tissues that …